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Image Entertainment, Inc - Recent Material Event
Table of Contents
PART I
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008 (Annual Report) of
Image Entertainment, Inc. (we, us, our, or Image) includes forward-looking statements that
involve risks and uncertainties within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act
of 1995. Other than statements of historical fact, all statements made in this Annual Report are
forward-looking, including, but not limited to, statements regarding industry prospects, future
results of operations or financial position, and statements of our intent, belief and current
expectations about our strategic direction, prospective and future results. In some cases,
forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as will, should, expect,
anticipate, believe, estimate, continue, future, intend or similar words.
Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that are inherently difficult to
predict, which could cause actual outcomes and results to differ materially from our expectations,
forecasts and assumptions. The following important factors, in addition to those discussed above,
could affect our future results and could cause those results to differ materially from those
expressed in such forward-looking statements:
All forward-looking statements should be evaluated with the understanding of inherent
uncertainty. The inclusion of such forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a
representation that contemplated future events, plans or expectations will be achieved. Unless
otherwise required by law, we undertake no obligation to release publicly any updates or revisions
to any such forward-looking statements that may reflect events or circumstances occurring after the
date of this Annual Report. Important factors that could cause or contribute to such material
differences include those discussed in Item 1A. Risk Factors. You are cautioned not to place
undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
OVERVIEW
Image Entertainment, Inc. is a leading worldwide independent licensee, producer and
distributor of home entertainment programming. The 25-plus year old company releases its vast
library of exclusive content on a variety of formats and platforms, including DVD, Blu-ray Disc®,
digital (video-on-demand, electronic sell-through and streaming), broadcast television, cable,
satellite, theatrical and non-theatrical exploitation.
Our focus is on a diverse array of general and specialty content, including:
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We also acquire exclusive rights to audio content for distribution via digital platforms and
on CD spread across a variety of genres and configurations, including:
We strive to grow a stream of revenues by maintaining and building a library of titles that
can be exploited in a variety of formats and distribution channels. Our active library currently
contains:
Each month, we release an average of over 35 new exclusive DVD titles, including an average of
four feature films, 15-20 new exclusive digital video titles, and four new exclusive CD and digital
audio titles.
We acquire programming mainly by entering into exclusive distribution agreements with
producers and other content providers. We typically supplement such content by designing and
producing additional value-added features. We also produce our own original entertainment
programming, focused on DVD live performance music concerts and comedy events with some of the most
recognizable names in each industry, and also various forms of urban genre content. We have also
increased our focus on the acquisition of finished feature films via festivals, agency screenings,
and producer relationships.
We were incorporated in Colorado as Key International Film Distributors, Inc. in April 1975.
Our present name was adopted in 1983. We reincorporated in California in November 1989 and
reincorporated again in Delaware in September 2005. Our principal executive offices are located at
20525 Nordhoff Street, Suite 200, Chatsworth, California 91311. We maintain a Web site at
www.image-entertainment.com. The content of our Web site is not incorporated by reference and does
not constitute a part of this Annual Report.
The following table sets forth the percentage of consolidated net revenues derived from the
distribution of entertainment content by format for our last three fiscal years. The information
does not represent our business segments, but rather shows net revenue trends by product category:
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BUSINESS SEGMENTS
We currently have three business segments:
Our domestic segment primarily consists of acquisition, production and distribution of
exclusive DVD content in North America as well as exploitation of our North American broadcast
rights. Our digital segment consists of revenues generated by digital distribution of our exclusive
content via video on demand, streaming video and downloading. Our international segment includes
international video sublicensing of all formats and exploitation of broadcast rights outside of
North America.
Prior to fiscal 2008, we included revenues and expenses generated by digital distribution
within our domestic segment. Beginning in fiscal 2008, we have reflected our digital financial
results as a separate segment. Additionally, prior to fiscal 2008, worldwide broadcast revenues
were included as a component of the international segment. Beginning in fiscal 2008, we have
included the financial results of revenues generated by exploitation of our North American
broadcast and non-theatrical rights as a component of the domestic segment and exploitation outside
of North America as a component of our international segment. All digital and broadcast financial
results for fiscal 2007 and 2006 have been conformed to the fiscal 2008 presentation.
The following table presents consolidated net revenues, net of eliminations, by reportable
business segment for the periods presented:
See Note 19. Segment Information in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for
earnings, loss, and total assets for each segment.
Domestic
Most of the product we release is in the DVD format. According to industry estimates, there
are currently more than 87,000 DVD titles available in the domestic market, of which more than
3,500 are actively and exclusively distributed by us. We are a leading independent supplier of DVD
content in the music, comedy, special interest, episodic television, urban and lifestyle genres.
The following table reflects the number of cumulative titles we have released by content type,
compared with the cumulative DVD software titles released by the industry through the week ended
June 13, 2008, excluding discontinued titles, using data compiled monthly in The DVD Release
Report. The following chart does not intend to indicate our market share of DVD revenues, only
cumulative titles released.
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Source: DVD Release Report Revised 6/13/08
We believe that the value gained through the ability to entertain people at home for a
reasonable price at convenient times, the opportunity to choose from a very broad selection of
programming, the ability to select specific scenes quickly from interactive DVD menus, and the
audio and video quality of the DVD format, continues to make DVD a preferred medium of home
entertainment for millions of consumers. Many of our DVDs also offer special features,
enhancements and ancillary materials, such as multiple audio tracks, behind-the-scenes footage,
director commentaries, interviews and discographies, most of which we produce in-house.
Exclusive Acquisition. We generally acquire exclusive distribution rights to our
content. We acquire our exclusive titles from a wide range of content holders, including:
We produce, market and sell our exclusive content according to exclusive royalty or
distribution fee agreements. We actively pursue and secure both domestic (U.S. and Canada) and
international distribution rights to exclusive titles across multiple home entertainment formats.
In order to acquire exclusive distribution rights to a title, we enter into written agreements with
our licensors which are typically either distribution fee deals, or royalty deals.
In distribution fee arrangements, revenues generated by our distribution of a title are
generally allocated as follows:
In royalty arrangements, royalties are expressed as a percentage of our wholesale net revenues
derived from title sales. Typically, we pay royalty advances that are recouped against royalties
earned on a title-by-title basis or, if cross-collateralized, against groups of licensed titles
from the same licensor.
Our agreements generally provide for a minimum distribution term of seven years but we often
obtain considerably longer terms. Some agreements contain provisions for an extension of the
distribution term if we meet specified financial performance milestones or if we are still
unrecouped at the end of the distribution term.
We also may finance all or part of the production of some of our entertainment content focused
on DVD live performance stand-up comedy events, music concerts and urban genre content. We are now
focusing much of our content acquisition efforts on acquiring finished cast driven feature films
for primarily North American distribution (DVD, digital, broadcast, non-theatrical and to a lesser
extent theatrical).
Focus on Cast Driven Feature Film DVD Distribution. Prior to January 2008, Images
core business was generated primarily from The Criterion Collection, Discovery Channel
programming, live stand-up comedy shows, music, TV, and other special interest video.
In January we began to focus on the release of new, full-length cast driven feature films.
This business concentrates primarily on the acquisition of finished feature films via festivals,
agency screenings, and producer relationships. Most of these films are what we call direct to
video. They will skip the traditional theatrical release of
most bigger-budgeted studio films. We are careful to avoid the risky business of funding the
prints and advertising that is needed to release films theatrically, with the exception of some
smaller releases.
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Bill Bromiley, a twenty-year veteran of the film and home entertainment industries, oversees
our worldwide program acquisition efforts. Mr. Bromiley spearheaded our feature film initiative as
a consultant from June 2007 until he was hired by Image in January 2008 and later appointed to the
position of Chief Acquisitions Officer on April 1, 2008. Prior to joining Image, Bromiley spent
seven years at First Look Home Entertainment, a division of First Look Studios, where he served as
President at the time of his departure. Prior to that, he spent eleven years working for Roger
Cormans Concorde/New Horizon Pictures Corp. where he oversaw all theatrical operations and
co-created the home entertainment division.
Our new feature film business requires a greater focus on the rental marketplace than Image
has had in the past. Our core business relies primarily on the sell-through business. This new
rental focus is made possible with the hiring of five experienced sales people dedicated entirely
to the rental marketplace, focusing on customers such as Blockbuster, Netflix, Hollywood
Entertainment, Movie Gallery and the new kiosk business.
With content acquisition at the core of our business, we have made several internal
restructurings such that our key genres and areas of expertise are allowed to grow with an even
greater focus and determination. Additional emphasis has been placed on stronger content with the
potential of wider market penetration and larger unit sales. Images content acquisition team
members have been selected to spearhead programming opportunities throughout our key genres, which
include Comedy, Urban, Latin, Music, Feature Film and Special Interest.
Our content category acquisition teams partner with product development teams (which attempt
to determine the best strategies for creating the most viable and marketable products based on
consumer tastes and market demands) prior to the acquisition of programming, and also with
marketing teams after the acquisition has been finalized, to determine optimal ways of maximizing
revenue across all channels of distribution, including packaged goods, conventional broadcast,
digital distribution and other areas of exploitation.
While our core business remains the domestic acquisition and distribution of content on DVD,
we seek to secure and exploit exclusive content with the broadest possible grant of home
entertainment programming rights. As part of our strategic goal, we may finance all or part of the
production of some of our entertainment content. The rights we retain in connection with our
self-financed productions generally cover all media, world-wide, in perpetuity.
Because of our growing library of exclusive titles in a wide variety of genres, we believe
that we are positioned to benefit from the widespread support of the traditional DVD format, the
Blu-ray Disc® high-definition format, and emerging digital distribution models. We intend to
continue expanding our exclusive entertainment library.
Mining of Images Library. We continue to create new and special editions of
previously released content that will encourage consumers to repurchase the product in these
technically superior versions. We also continue to expand on strategies that extend the life cycle
of our titles, including second bite strategies that focus on repricing and/or remarketing and
repromotion; increased focus on budget product and shippers; and product shipped with merchandising
displays. We have been encouraged by the success of these programs with mass merchant retailers
such as Wal-Mart, and we are also implementing liquidation strategies to turn deep inventory
overstocks, often for titles which are soon expiring, into cash.
We create multi-title DVD sets by placing the greatest amount of content on the smallest
number of discs for a price that will entice consumers to buy. In addition to the new budget
product, we are also focusing our sales efforts to include specialty video outlets such as sporting
goods, apparel and youth-culture stores. We have realized great success with lifestyle products at
a number of these accounts, and they are often sold at a higher price with greater margins.
Images Participation in the High Definition DVD Market. In January 2008, the format
war between Sonys Blu-ray Disc® (Blu-ray) and Toshibas HD-DVD was won by Blu-ray. In January,
Image began to release Blu-ray discs through an agreement with Sony DADC for the authoring,
compression and initial manufacturing of the discs. In January, we began releasing titles in the
Blu-ray format including the Sarah Michelle Gellar feature, Suburban Girl, the Australian classic
Breaker Morant, the critically acclaimed Before the Devil Knows Youre Dead, the Forrest Whitaker
starring The Air I Breathe, Stephen Sondheims Company and Mariah Carey: The Adventures of Mimi.
Upcoming Blu-ray releases include Manilow Live, Heart: Alive in Seattle, Roy Orbison: Black & White
Night, Chicago / Earth Wind &
Fire: Live at the Greek, Moody Blues: Lovely to See You Live, Korn: Live on the Other Side, as
well as the feature films The Secret, Stuck, Encounters at the End of the World, Re-Cycle and Then
She Found Me. We will also release a number of titles originally made for exhibition in IMAX
theatres as well as additional titles from the Discovery Channel, including When We Left Earth: The
NASA Missions.
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The authoring tools available currently for Blu-ray are relatively new and constantly
evolving, so we are not contemplating the purchase of equipment or software necessary to compress
or author this programming in-house at this time.
Nevertheless, we have over 210 high-definition masters that can be used for release on the
Blu-ray format. Many of our programs originated on high definition video, but we can also convert
to Blu-ray any content that was originally shot on film, which is actually capable of greater
resolution than the current Blu-ray format. In order to convert elements that were shot on film,
they must first be sent to a post-production facility specializing in transferring the film to a
high definition video format, usually 1920 x 1080p. A typical transfer can cost anywhere from
several thousand dollars to more than $80,000, depending on the amount of supervision, color
correction, and restoration work required.
The video compression formats available for Blu-ray are VC-1, MPEG 4 AVC, and MPEG 2. The
audio compression formats available are variations of Dolby Digital (Standard, Plus and True High
Definition), DTS (Standard, High Definition, High Resolution, and HD Master Audio) and uncompressed
PCM.
As consumers continue to purchase high-definition capable televisions, become more exposed to
high-definition content through satellite and cable, and begin to appreciate the advantages that
high-definition offers over standard definition, they will expect to obtain the same level of
quality from their video movie rentals and purchases. With a viable high-definition video-on-demand
solution probably several years away, there is plenty of time for the Blu-ray format to take hold
with consumers. As successful and ubiquitous as DVD is right now, many people forget that the
format lacked full studio support until well after its launch, to the extent that many in the
industry referred to DVD as Doubtful Very Doubtful; Blu-ray now has the support of all the major
studios.
One Village Entertainment. In September of 2007, we announced the launch of a newly
formed urban division named One Village Entertainment. One Village Entertainment provides
independent filmmakers with a home for their urban programming, from which it can then be
distributed across multiple platforms including theatrical, broadcast, DVD and digital streaming
and downloading.
The new division is headed by Brett Dismuke, who comes to Image as our Vice President of Urban
Programming with over 13 years of marketing, sales and branding experience.
The goal of One Village is to enhance the previously successfully urban business of Image. In
the past, Image had a string of urban titles that sold very well, particularly the stand-up comedy
programs, staged plays, hip-hop documentaries and music concerts. One Village will continue to
service the marketplace with these specialty types of programming, but will also release
higher-end, award-winning feature films. These films will feature a range of genres including
romance, comedy, drama, action and suspense. One Village will release approximately 2 titles per
month annually.
The overall mission of One Village is to mirror the efforts of the re-vamped Image platform by
offering a diverse, quality product that has the ability to generate multiple revenue streams while
establishing us as the premiere urban independent outlet in home entertainment.
Additional Value-Added Services. We provide a full range of value-added services
relative to our licensed content and many of our exclusively distributed titles, including:
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These services are typically performed in-house, with the exception of DVD and CD disc
manufacturing, package printing, and packaging of the finished product which are generally
performed by third party vendors. In mid-2007, we successfully transitioned all of our warehousing
and distribution services from our Las Vegas-based distribution facility to a facility located in
Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin, which is owned and operated by our DVD replicator, Arvato Digital
Services (Arvato formerly Sonopress) under our March 29, 2007, exclusive distribution services
agreement detailed below.
New Criterion Distribution Agreement. In November 2007, we signed a new long-term
exclusive home video distribution agreement with The Criterion Collection to distribute its special
edition DVDs through July 2013. This agreement replaces the previous exclusive home video
distribution agreement signed in August 2005. In March 2007, Criterion introduced Eclipse, a
selection of lost, forgotten, or overshadowed classic films in simple, affordable box set editions.
The Criterion Collection currently contains approximately 400 active DVD titles while Eclipse
contains approximately 12 active DVD titles. The Criterion Collection releases 6-7 new titles each
month and Eclipse releases 1-2 new series each quarter.
Distribution Services. We have historically distributed our own product via our
in-house Las Vegas-based distribution facility. In the fall of 2006, however, we began discussions
with our new DVD replicator Arvato Digital Services (formerly Sonopress) regarding the concept of
moving our warehousing and distribution services to a facility they were in the process of
purchasing as part of a new initiative by Arvato to offer these services to their replication
customers. Arvato is staffed in significant part by key people from our previous replicator,
Deluxe Media Services, Inc. (Deluxe), who sold the facility to Arvato. After receiving price
quotes at preferential rates from Arvato, we conducted an extensive internal analysis of potential
cost savings, expenses relating to the prospective closure of our Las Vegas facility, freight
savings from the ability to ship from centrally-located Wisconsin compared to West Coast-located
Las Vegas, and, importantly in light of our plans to distribute significant feature films on DVD,
the potential scalability of distribution services in each location. Ultimately, on March 29,
2007, we entered into an agreement whereby Arvato would become our exclusive provider of
warehousing and distribution services. We completed the process of integrating Arvatos logistics
and warehouse management systems with our order management and inventory control software as well
as transitioned all of our warehousing and distribution services to Arvatos facility in Pleasant
Prairie, Wisconsin in the calendar third quarter of 2007. We completed the process of closing,
subleasing, and ultimately exiting the lease of our Las Vegas-based distribution facility in
February 2008.
Manufacturing. Typically, a content supplier delivers a title master and artwork to
us, and our in-house post-production facility creates a sub master with specifications for the
necessary format and on-screen menus for each title. Our in-house authoring and compression team
then generally performs the work necessary to prepare a DVD master for manufacturing.
Occasionally, because of a large volume of exclusive releases at any given time, we may use an
outside facility to perform such services. Additionally, as authoring and compression tools for
Blu-ray are quickly changing, we use third parties for these services rather than committing to
expend the capital necessary to purchase the hardware and technology required to do so internally.
Our in-house creative services department, staffed with graphic designers, copywriters and
proofreaders, creates original and innovative packaging fundamental to the marketing success of our
product. During fiscal 2007 and in the years prior, we used Deluxe to manufacture and package our
domestic DVD programming. Now Arvato performs our manufacturing, packaging, warehousing and
distribution services. During fiscal 2007, we primarily used U-Tech Media for CD manufacturing,
although we have now transitioned all of our CD manufacturing to Arvato. From time to time, we use
Sony DADC and Technicolor for manufacturing as required by certain content providers.
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Marketing. Our in-house marketing department directs marketing efforts toward
consumers as well as DVD and CD and digital retailers. Our marketing efforts involve:
We also have account-specific marketing programs where we work directly with retailers to
optimize and customize print advertising and other advertising programs to promote our exclusive
product. The creation of specialized in-store displays and celebrity appearances are other
examples of account-specific marketing programs. We occasionally implement Internet promotional
activities that include product tie-ins, sweepstakes, and giveaways associated with online retail
customers, and the creation of genre-specific boutiques within direct-to-consumer Web sites.
National and niche campaigns are managed by our in-house publicist and outside agencies for
traditional and on-line outlets.
Our Web site at www.image-entertainment.com helps promote us and our exclusive content. The
Web site includes press releases, information regarding our exclusive titles, and information of
general interest to the home entertainment consumer.
Customers.
We sell our products to:
Some of our key sell-through customers in alphabetical order include:
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Some of our key distribution customers in alphabetical order include:
In addition, our key rental customers in alphabetical order are:
Special Markets: Our special markets division is designed to take advantage of our
large and diverse catalog and specifically targets niche sales opportunities. Special Markets
encompasses all sales channels outside the traditional marketplace. Within Special Markets, some of
our key customers in alphabetical order include:
On a consolidated basis, Amazon.com, Inc., Anderson Merchandisers (which supplies Wal-Mart)
and AEC One Stop Group accounted for approximately 15%, 13%, and 11%, respectively, of our fiscal
2008 net revenues. In fiscal 2007, Amazon.com, Inc., AEC One Stop Group and Anderson Merchandisers
accounted for 12%, 12% and 10%, respectively, of our net revenues, and in fiscal 2006, Anderson
Merchandisers accounted for 11% of our net revenues. No other customers accounted for net revenues
individually in excess of 10% of our total net revenues for fiscal 2008, 2007 or 2006.
We allow retail customers to return a portion of their unsold inventory on a quarterly basis.
We reserve for estimated returns at the time the sale is recognized, based in part upon our
historical returns experience and knowledge of specific product movement within distribution
channels. Our inventory returns, as a percentage of our gross (as opposed to net) distribution
revenues, were 23.9% in fiscal 2008, 23.0% in fiscal 2007 and 21.9% in fiscal 2006, respectively.
Returns of defective product have been minimal and are generally covered by manufacturers
warranties.
As of June 13, 2008, we had approximately $2.8 million of backlog orders, of which 99% of the
backlog was attributable to domestic DVD product, compared with approximately $3.7 million of
backlog orders as of June 13, 2007, of which 96% of the backlog was attributable to domestic DVD
product. We expect to fill 100% of the backlog orders, less any cancelled orders, in the current
fiscal year.
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Worldwide Broadcast
Revenues generated from North American broadcasts are included in the domestic segment.
Revenues generated from outside North America are included in the international segment.
In March of 2008, Steve Saltman was named Senior Vice President of Images newly-formed
worldwide television division. Mr. Saltman is responsible for all forms of television
distribution, including the worldwide sales of Image content across broadcast television,
pay-per-view, video-on-demand and non-theatrical platforms.
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Digital
Image, through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Egami, engages in the exclusive wholesale
distribution of the digital rights to our library of audio and video content. The demand for the
types of programming found in our library continues to increase as new retailers enter this
primarily online marketplace. Egami seeks to differe | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||