Total net revenue in 2006 amounted to $5.6 billion, an increase of 44 percent from net revenue, excluding the Memory Products segment, of $3.9 billion in 2005. 2006 included approximately $400 million of net revenue attributable to our two new reportable segmentsGraphics and Chipsets, and Consumer Electronics. Overall growth, however, was primarily driven by the performance of our Computation Products segment where net revenue of $5.1 billion increased by 35 percent compared to 2005 due to increased unit sales of our desktop, mobile and server processors. We believe that our continued strategy of developing products based on our customers needs combined with our open standards approach, which allows customers to choose the combination of technologies that best serve their needs, contributed to accelerating customer and end-user adoption of our products across all geographies.
During 2006 we also experienced the following: increasing adoption of our products among enterprises; increasing sales of our server and mobile processor products; establishment of relationships with key OEMs such as Dell Inc., Founder Technology and Tsinghua Tongfang and strengthening relationships with existing OEM customers; and a decrease in our dependence on mature markets such as North America and Europe by focusing on high growth markets, such as China. By the end of 2006, 95 percent of the top 100and over 65 percent
of the top 500 of the Forbes Global 2000 were using AMD64 technology, and existing customers continued to expand the number of AMD-based solutions targeting the commercial market. Also, compared to 2005, sales of our mobile and server processor products grew faster than sales of our desktop products.
We believe our progress in the marketplace in 2006 will allow us to continue to develop products based on platform solutions. Platforms consist of a collection of technologies that are designed to work together to provide a better product than if the technologies were used separately. With our acquisition of ATI in October 2006, which is described in more detail below, we intend to develop and offer integrated CPU and GPU platforms to our customers. However, we also intend to continue to develop and provide discrete microprocessor and graphics processor products and to maintain open interface and software standards in order to allow our customers to choose the combination of technologies that best serve their needs.
We also continued to execute our microprocessor manufacturing plans during 2006. During the first quarter, we began commercial shipments of processors manufactured on 300-millimeter wafers at Fab 36. During June 2006, we began shipments of processors manufactured at Chartered Semiconductor, and during the fourth quarter we began commercial shipments of processors manufactured using 65-nanometer technology.
We also announced developments in our future manufacturing capacity strategy. In May 2006, we announced plans to significantly expand our 300-millimeter manufacturing capacity in Dresden, Germany by converting Fab 30 from manufacturing 200-millimeter wafers to 300-millimeter wafers, expanding the capacity of Fab 36 and adding a new facility to support bump and test activities. We also announced an agreement with the New York State Urban Development Corporation d/b/a Empire State Development Corporation pursuant to which we would receive financial incentives from the State of New York to build a new 300-millimeter wafer fabrication facility on the Luther Forest Technology Campus in Saratoga County, New York if we decide to build the facility. We believe that our investment in expanding the manufacturing capacity of our Dresden operations and the option to build a new manufacturing facility in New York will provide us with maximum flexibility to intelligently scale production to meet market demand.
We also faced challenges in 2006, particularly in the second half of the year, due to competitive market conditions. Despite a richer product mix in 2006 compared to 2005, average selling prices remained relatively flat. Higher average selling prices in the first half of 2006 were offset by lower average selling prices in the second half of 2006. Average selling prices decreased significantly in the fourth quarter of 2006 as compared to the third quarter of 2006 particularly for our server processor products, which had a negative impact on fourth quarter gross margin. Similarly, gross margins in 2006 decreased compared to gross margins, excluding the Memory Products segment, in 2005. Higher gross margins in the first half of 2006 were more than offset by lower gross margins in the second half of 2006 due to declining average selling prices, higher manufacturing costs and the consolidation of the operations of ATI, which historically has had lower gross margins than AMDs business. We believe that 2007 will continue to be extremely competitive, particularly with respect to product pricing.
Another challenge in the second half of 2006 related to the ability of our supply chain to keep up with the significant ramp in microprocessor units sold across a diverse set of customers and geographies and to deliver products on a timely basis. One of our key goals in 2007 is to improve the efficiency and scalability of our supply chain.
We intend the discussion of our financial condition and results of operations that follows to provide information that will assist you in understanding our financial statements, the changes in certain key items in those financial statements from year to year, the primary factors that resulted in those changes, and how certain accounting principles, policies and estimates affect our financial statements.
ATI Acquisition
On October 25, 2006, we completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding shares of ATI, a publicly held company headquartered in Markham, Ontario, Canada for a combination of cash and our common stock.
The aggregate consideration that we paid for all outstanding ATI common shares consisted of approximately $4.3 billion of cash and 58 million shares of our common stock. In addition, we also issued options to purchase approximately 17.1 million shares of our common stock and approximately 2.2 million comparable AMD restricted stock units in exchange for outstanding ATI stock options and restricted stock units. To finance a portion of the cash consideration paid, we borrowed $2.5 billion under the October 2006 Term Loan. The total purchase price for ATI was $5.6 billion, including acquisition related costs of $25 million, and consisted of:
| (In millions) | |||
| Acquisition of all of the outstanding shares, stock options, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards of ATI in exchange for: |
|||
| Cash |
$ | 4,263 | |
| 58 million shares of AMD common stock |
1,172 | ||
| Fair value of vested options and restricted stock units issued |
144 | ||
| Acquisition related transaction costs |
25 | ||
| Total purchase price |
$ | 5,604 |
The fair value of the common stock we issued was determined under EITF 99-12, Determination of the Measurement Date for the Market Price of Acquirer Securities Issued in a Purchase Business Combination , which reflected the average of the closing prices of our common stock on the NYSE for the three trading days prior to October 25, 2006. The fair value of the options and restricted stock units we issued was determined under SFAS 123R, Share-Based Payment (SFAS 123R). The vested portion of these options and restricted stock units was valued at approximately $144 million. The unvested portion valued at approximately $69 million will be amortized over the future remaining vesting periods. The stock compensation expense for 2006 related to these stock options and restricted stock units was approximately $10 million.
Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation
We accounted for the acquisition using the purchase method of accounting in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations . We included the operations of ATI in our consolidated financial statements from October 25, 2006 through December 31, 2006. The total purchase price was preliminarily allocated to ATIs tangible and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values as of October 24, 2006 as set forth below:
| (In millions) | ||||
| Cash and marketable securities |
$ | 500 | ||
| Accounts receivable |
290 | |||
| Inventories |
431 | |||
| Goodwill |
3,217 | |||
| Developed product technology |
752 | |||
| Game console royalty agreement |
147 | |||
| Customer relationships |
257 | |||
| Trademarks and trade names |
62 | |||
| Customer backlog |
36 | |||
| In-process research and development |
416 | |||
| Property, plant and equipment |
143 | |||
| Other assets |
25 | |||
| Accounts payable and other liabilities |
(631 | ) | ||
| Reserves for exit costs |
(8 | ) | ||
| Debt and capital lease obligations |
(31 | ) | ||
| Deferred revenues |
(2 | ) | ||
| Total purchase price |
$ | 5,604 |
The primary areas of purchase price allocation that are not yet finalized relate to ATI-related exit costs, certain liabilities assumed, certain legal matters discussed in Part I, Item 3, Legal Proceedings and tax related contingencies. Resolution of ATI tax-related contingencies for amounts different than amounts recorded as of the close of the acquisition will result in adjustments to goodwill. Adjustments to amounts recorded as of the close of the acquisition related to the finalization of ATI-related exit costs and resolution of certain ATI legal contingencies will result in adjustments to goodwill or will be recorded in post-acquisition operating results, depending on the nature and timing of such adjustments.
Management performed an analysis to determine the fair value of each tangible and identifiable intangible asset, including the portion of the purchase price attributable to acquired in-process research and development projects.
In-Process Research and Development
Of the total purchase price, approximately $416 million was allocated to in-process research and development (IPR&D) and was expensed in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2006. Projects that qualify as IPR&D represent those that have not reached technological feasibility and have no alternative future use at the time of the acquisition. The value assigned to IPR&D was determined using a discounted cash flow methodology, specifically an excess earnings approach, which estimates value based upon the discounted value of future cash flows expected to be generated by the in-process projects, net of all contributory asset returns. The approach includes consideration of the importance of each project to the overall development plan, estimating costs to develop the purchased IPR&D into commercially viable products. The revenue estimates used to value the purchased IPR&D were based on estimates of the relevant market sizes and growth factors, expected trends in technology and the nature and expected timing of new product introductions by ATI and its competitors.
The discount rates applied to individual projects were selected after consideration of the overall estimated weighted average cost of capital for ATI and the discount rates applied to the valuation of the other assets acquired. Such weighted average cost of capital was adjusted to reflect the difficulties and uncertainties in completing each project and thereby achieving technological feasibility, the percentage of completion of each project, anticipated market acceptance and penetration, market growth rates and risks related to the impact of potential changes in future target markets.
We acquired and intend to continue developing approximately $306 million and $325 million in-process projects in the Graphics and Chipsets segment, and the Consumer Electronics segment. These projects include development of next generation GPU, chipset, handheld and digital TV products. The estimated fair value of the projects for the Graphics and Chipsets segment was approximately $193 million and we expect to incur approximately $113 million to complete these projects over the next two years. The estimated fair value of the projects for the Consumer Electronics segment was approximately $223 million and we expect to incur approximately $102 million to complete these projects over the next two years. In developing the estimated fair values, we used discount rates ranging from 14 percent to 15 percent.
The development of these technologies remains a risk due to the remaining efforts to achieve technical viability, rapidly changing customer markets, uncertain standards for new products, and significant competitive threats from our competitors. Failure to develop these technologies into commercially viable products and/or failure to bring them to market in a timely manner could result in a loss of market share and could have a material adverse impact on our business and operating results and could negatively impact the return on investment expected at the time that this acquisition was completed and may result in impairment charges.
The estimates used in valuing these IPR&D were based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable, and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates.
There have not been any significant changes in the status of the efforts to complete these projects as of December 31, 2006.
Other Acquisition Related Intangible Assets
Developed product technology consists of products that have reached technological feasibility and includes technology in ATIs discrete GPU products, integrated chipset products, handheld products, and digital TV products divisions. We expect this intangible asset to have a useful life of five years.
Game console royalty agreements represent agreements existing as of October 24, 2006 with video game console manufacturers for the payment of royalties to ATI for intellectual property design work performed and were estimated to have an average useful life of five years.
Customer relationship intangibles represent ATIs customer relationships existing as of October 24, 2006 and were estimated to have an average useful life of four years.
We expect trademarks and trade names to have an average useful life of seven years.
Customer backlog represents customer orders existing as of October 24, 2006 that had not been delivered and were estimated to have a useful life of 14 months.
We determined the fair value of intangible assets using income approaches based on the most current financial forecast available as of October 24, 2006. The discount rates we used to discount net cash flows to their present values ranged from 12 percent to 15 percent. We determined these discount rates after consideration of our estimated weighted average cost of capital and the estimated internal rate of return specific to the acquisition. We recorded the excess of the purchase price over the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets as goodwill.
We based estimated useful lives for the intangible assets on historical experience with technology life cycles, product roadmaps and our intended future use of the intangible assets. We are amortizing the acquisition related intangible assets using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives.
Integration Costs
Concurrent with the acquisition, we implemented an integration plan, which included the termination of some ATI employees, the relocation or transfer to other sites of other ATI employees and the closure of duplicate facilities. We estimated the costs associated with employee severance and relocation to be $7 million. We estimated the costs associated with the closure of duplicate facilities to be $1 million. These costs were included as a component of net assets acquired. Additionally, the integration plan also included termination of some AMD employees, cancellation of some existing contractual obligations, and other costs to integrate the operations of the two companies. We estimated these costs to be $32 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, and they are included in the caption, Amortization of acquired intangible assets and integration charges on our consolidated statement of operations.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts in our consolidated financial statements. We evaluate our estimates on an on-going basis, including those related to our revenues, inventories, asset impairments, goodwill, business combination, and income taxes. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Although actual results have historically been reasonably consistent with managements expectations, actual results may differ from these estimates or our estimates may be affected by different assumptions or conditions.
We believe the following critical accounting estimates are the most significant to the presentation of our financial statements and require the most difficult, subjective and complex judgments.
Revenue Reserves. We record a provision for estimated sales returns and allowances on product sales for estimated future price reductions and other customer incentives in the same period that the related revenues are recorded. We base these estimates on actual historical sales returns, allowances, historical price reductions, market activity, and other known or anticipated trends and factors. These estimates are subject to managements judgment, and actual provisions could be different from our estimates and current provisions, resulting in future adjustments to our revenues and operating results.
Inventory Valuation. At each balance sheet date, we evaluate our ending inventories for excess quantities and obsolescence. This evaluation includes analysis of sales levels by product and projections of future demand. These projections assist us in determining the carrying value of our inventory and are also used for near-term factory production planning. Generally, inventories on hand in excess of forecasted demand for the next six months are not valued. In addition, we write off inventories that are considered obsolete. We adjust remaining specific inventory balances to approximate the lower of our standard manufacturing cost or market value. Among other factors, management considers forecasted demand in relation to the inventory on hand, competitiveness of product offerings, market conditions and product life cycles when determining obsolescence and net realizable value. If we anticipate future demand or market conditions to be less favorable than our projections as forecasted, additional inventory write-downs may be required and would be reflected in cost of sales in the period the revision is made. This would have a negative impact on our gross margin in that period. If in any period we are able to sell inventories that were not valued or that had been written off in a previous period, related revenues would be recorded without any offsetting charge to cost of sales, resulting in a net benefit to our gross margin in that period.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. We consider no less frequently than quarterly whether indicators of impairment of long-lived assets are present. These indicators may include, but are not limited to, significant decreases in the market value of an asset and significant changes in the extent or manner in which an asset is used. If these or other indicators are present, we determine whether the estimated undiscounted cash flows attributable to the assets in question are less than their carrying value. If less, we recognize an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount of the assets over their respective fair values. Fair value is determined by discounted future cash flows, appraisals or other methods. If the asset determined to be impaired is to be held and used, we recognize an impairment loss through a charge to our operating results which also reduces the carrying basis of the related asset(s). The new carrying value of the related asset(s) is depreciated over the remaining estimated useful life of the asset(s). We may incur additional impairment losses in future periods if factors influencing our estimates of the undiscounted cash flows change.
Goodwill. As a result of the ATI acquisition, we recorded approximately $3.2 billion of goodwill on our books . In accordance with SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, w e are required to review goodwill for impairment at least annually or more often if there are indicators of impairment present. We will perform our annual impairment analysis during the fourth quarter of each year, with the first impairment test related to ATI goodwill to be performed during the fourth quarter of 2007. The provisions of SFAS 142 require that a two-step impairment test be performed on goodwill. In the first step, we will compare the fair value of each reporting unit to which goodwill has been allocated to its carrying value. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of the net assets assigned to that unit, goodwill is considered not impaired and we are not required to perform further testing. If the carrying value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, then we must perform the second step of the impairment test in order to determine the implied fair value of the reporting units goodwill. If the carrying value of a reporting units goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, then we would record an impairment loss equal to the difference.
Determining the number of reporting units and the fair value of a reporting unit requires us to make judgments and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions include revenue growth rates and operating margins used to calculate projected future cash flows, risk-adjusted
discount rates, future economic and market conditions and determining of appropriate market comparables. We base our fair value estimates on assumptions we believe to be reasonable but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. Actual future results may differ from those estimates. In addition, we make judgments and assumptions in allocating assets and liabilities to each of our reporting units.
Business Combinations. In accordance with business combination accounting, we have allocated the purchase price of ATI to tangible and acquisition related intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed as well as to in-process research and development based on their estimated fair values. These valuations require us to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to acquisition related intangible assets.
We will review the acquisition related intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of these assets may not be recovered.
We make estimates of fair value using reasonable assumptions based on historical experience and information obtained from the management of the acquired company. Critical estimates in valuing certain of the acquisition related intangible assets include but are not limited to: future expected cash flows from sale of products, expected costs to develop in-process research and development projects into commercially viable products and estimated cash flows from the projects when completed; the markets awareness of the acquired companys brand and the acquired companys market position, as well as assumptions about the period of time the acquired brand will continue to be used in the combined companys product portfolio; and discount rates. Unanticipated events may occur which may affect the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates or actual results.
Income Taxes. In determining taxable income for financial statement reporting purposes, we must make certain estimates and judgments. These estimates and judgments are applied in the calculation of certain tax liabilities and in the determination of the recoverability of deferred tax assets, which arise from temporary differences between the recognition of assets and liabilities for tax and financial statement reporting purposes.
We must assess the likelihood that we will be able to recover our deferred tax assets. If recovery is not likely, we must increase our provision for taxes by recording a charge to income tax expense, in the form of a valuation allowance, for the deferred tax assets that we estimate will not ultimately be recoverable. We consider past performance, future expected taxable income and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in determining the need for a valuation allowance.
In addition, the calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax rules and the potential for future adjustment of our uncertain tax positions by the Internal Revenue Service or other taxing jurisdiction. If our estimates of these taxes are greater or less than actual results, an additional tax benefit or charge will result.
Results of Operations
We review and assess operating performance using segment revenues and operating income (loss) before interest, taxes, equity in net loss of Spansion Inc. and other, and minority interest. These performance measures include the allocation of expenses to the operating segments based on managements judgment.
Prior to December 21, 2005, we had the following three reportable segments:
the Computation Products segment, which included microprocessor products for desktop and mobile PCs, servers and workstations and AMD chipset products;
the Memory Products segment, which included Spansion Flash memory products; and
the Personal Connectivity Solutions segment, which consisted of embedded processors for global commercial and consumer markets. On December 21, 2005, Spansion Inc., our former majority-owned subsidiary, completed its initial public offering, or IPO. Following the IPO, our ownership interest in Spansion was reduced from 60 percent to approximately 38 percent of Spansions outstanding common stock. In November 2006, we sold 21 million shares of Spansions Class A common stock in an underwritten public offering. As a result of this sale, as of December 31, 2006 we owned approximately 21 percent of Spansions outstanding common stock.
As a result of Spansions IPO, our financial results of operations include Spansions financial results of operations as a consolidated subsidiary only through December 20, 2005. From December 21, 2005, Spansions operating results and financial position are not consolidated as part of our financial results. Instead, we applied the equity method of accounting to reflect our share of Spansions net income (loss) from December 21, 2005 through December 31, 2006. Accordingly, our operating results, including the segment operating results for the Memory Products segment, for the year ended December 25, 2005 are not fully comparable with our results for 2004 or 2006. Because we currently report our interest in Spansions results of operations using the equity method of accounting, our share of Spansions net income (loss) will impact our net income (loss).
Following Spansions IPO, from December 21, 2005 through October 24, 2006, we had two reportable segments: the Computation Products segment and the Embedded Products segment, which prior to the first quarter of 2006, we referred to as the Personal Connectivity Solutions segment. In addition we also had an All Other category, which was not a reportable segment. This category included sales of Personal Internet Communicator (PIC) products, which the Companys Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), who is also our Chief Executive Officer, began to review separately starting in the third quarter of 2005, and certain operating expenses and credits that were not allocated to any of our reportable segments because the CODM did not consider these operating expenses and credits in evaluating the operating performance of our reportable segments. Effective as of the third quarter of 2006, PIC products have not been manufactured.
As a result of the acquisition of ATI, effective October 25, 2006, we now have the following four reportable segments:
the Computation Products segment, which includes microprocessors, chipset products that we manufactured prior to the ATI acquisition and related revenue;
the Embedded Products segment, which includes embedded processors and related revenue;
the Graphics and Chipsets segment, which includes 3D graphics, video and multimedia products and chipsets sold by ATI prior to the acquisition for use in desktop and notebook PCs, including home media PCs, professional workstations and servers, and related revenue; and
the Consumer Electronics segment, which includes products used in handheld devices, such as mobile phones and PDAs, digital televisions and other consumer electronics products as well as related revenue and revenue for royalties received in connection with sales of game console systems that incorporate our products. In addition to the reportable segments, we have an All Other category, which is not a reportable segment. The All Other category includes certain operating expenses and credits that are not allocated to any of the operating segments because the CODM does not consider these operating expenses and credits in evaluating the operating performance of the operating segments. Also, following the acquisition of ATI, we began including employee stock-based compensation expense, profit sharing expense, and ATI acquisition-related and integration charges in the All Other category. We reclassified prior period segment information to conform to the current periods presentation.
We use a 52- to 53-week fiscal year ending on the last Sunday in December. The year ended December 31, 2006 consisted of 53 weeks, and the years ended December 25, 2005, and December 26, 2004 each included 52 weeks. References in this report to 2006, 2005 and 2004 shall refer to the fiscal year unless explicitly stated otherwise. Commencing in 2007, we will use a 52- to 53-week fiscal year ending on the last Saturday in December.
The following is a summary of our net revenue and operating income (loss) by segment for 2006, 2005 and 2004.
| 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||
| Net revenue: |
||||||||||||
| Computation Products |
$ | 5,104 | $ | 3,793 | $ | 2,528 | ||||||
| Embedded Products |
149 | 136 | 130 | |||||||||
| Graphics and Chipsets |
278 | | | |||||||||
| Consumer Electronics |
120 | | | |||||||||
| All Other |
(2 | ) | 6 | | ||||||||
| Memory Products |
| 1,913 | 2,343 | |||||||||
| Total Net Revenue |
$ | 5,649 | $ | 5,848 | $ | 5,001 | ||||||
| Operating income (loss): |
||||||||||||
| Computation Products |
$ | 706 | $ | 641 | $ | 280 | ||||||
| Embedded Products |
(18 | ) | (55 | ) | (54 | ) | ||||||
| Graphics and Chipsets |
(33 | ) | | | ||||||||
| Consumer Electronics |
20 | | | |||||||||
| All Other |
(722 | ) | (43 | ) | (39 | ) | ||||||
| Memory Products |
| (311 | ) | 35 | ||||||||
| Total Operating Income (Loss) |
$ | (47 | ) | $ | 232 | $ | 222 |
Computation Products
Computation Products net revenue of $5.1 billion in 2006 increased 35 percent compared to net revenue of $3.8 billion in 2005 primarily as a result of a 35 percent increase in unit shipments. Unit shipments increased in 2006 compared to 2005 due to increased demand for processors in each of the desktop, server and mobile products. However, we believe that the challenge we experienced with the ability of our supply chain to keep up with the increased demand across a diverse set of customers and geographies and to deliver products on a timely basis had an adverse impact on unit shipments. Despite a richer product mix in 2006, average selling prices remained relatively flat in 2006 as compared to 2005. Higher average selling prices in the first half of 2006 were offset by lower average selling prices in the second half of 2006 due to competitive market conditions. Specifically, in the second half of 2006 aggressive pricing by our principal competitor in an attempt to regain market share adversely impacted our average selling prices. Our competitor also launched its quad-core multi-chip module processors during the fourth quarter of 2006, and since we did not offer quad-core products during this period, we discounted the selling price of certain of our competing products which adversely impacted our average selling prices, margins and profitability. We do not anticipate shipping our first quad-core products until mid-2007. We anticipate that 2007 will continue to remain extremely competitive, particularly with respect to product pricing.
Computation Products net revenue of $3.8 billion in 2005 increased 50 percent compared to net revenue of $2.5 billion for 2004 primarily due to an increase of 37 percent in unit shipments and an increase of nine percent in average selling prices. Unit shipments increased due to greater demand for our desktop, mobile and server products across all geographic regions, particularly in North America and Greater China. In addition, our introduction of AMD Turion 64 processors for notebook PCs in March 2005, AMD Opteron dual-core processors for servers and workstations in April 2005 and AMD Athlon 64 dual-core processors for desktop PCs in May 2005 helped drive increasing customer adoption of our products. The increase in average selling prices was primarily due to increased sales of our higher priced, high-performance AMD64-based processors which contributed to a richer product mix.
Computation Products operating income of $706 million in 2006 increased by $65 million, or 10 percent, compared to operating income of $641 million in 2005. This increase was primarily due the 35 percent increase
in net revenue partially offset by an increase in marketing, general and administrative expenses of $258 million and an increase in research and development expenses of $222 million.
Computation Products operating income of $641 million in 2005 increased by $361 million, or 129 percent, compared to operating income of $280 million in 2004. This increase was primarily due to a 50 percent increase in net revenue whereas cost of sales increased by only 45 percent. Partially offsetting this increase was an increase in marketing, general and administrative expense of $199 million and an increase in research and development expenses of $203 million.
Embedded Products
Embedded Products net revenue of $149 million in 2006 increased by $13 million, or 10 percent, compared to net revenue of $136 million in 2005. The increase was primarily due to a $16 million increase in sales of AMD Geode products, offset by $4 million decrease in legacy networking products.
Embedded Products net revenue of $136 million in 2005 increased by $6 million, or four percent, compared to net revenue of $130 million in 2004. The increase was primarily due to a $13 million increase in sales of AMD Geode products and an $8 million increase in sales of other embedded processors, partially offset by a $15 million decrease in sales of legacy networking products and MIPS-architecture based products.
Embedded Products operating loss of $18 million in 2006 decreased $37 million as compared to an operating loss of $55 million in 2005. The decrease in operating loss was primarily due to a $20 million decrease in research and development expenses and $12 million in sales of products that we had previously written off.
Embedded Products operating loss of $55 million in 2005 was flat compared to an operating loss of $54 million in 2004. The increase in net revenue of $6 million from 2004 to 2005 was offset by an increase in operating expenses of $6 million.
Graphics and Chipsets
Net revenue and operating loss represents the operating results of this segment for the period of October 25, 2006 through December 31, 2006. We are not able to provide any comparative information for this segment because prior to the ATI acquisition we did not sell comparable products. Sales of AMD chipsets are included in the Computation Products segment.
Consumer Electronics
The revenue and operating income represents the operating results of this segment for the period of October 25, 2006 through December 31, 2006. We are not able to provide any comparative information for this segment because prior to the ATI acquisition we did not sell comparable products.
Memory Products
As a result of Spansions IPO in December 2005, we stopped manufacturing and selling memory products. Therefore, we did not have a Memory Products segment in 2006.
Memory Products net revenue of $1.9 billion in 2005 decreased 18 percent compared to net revenue of $2.3 billion in 2004. In 2005, we consolidated Spansions net revenue into our Memory Product segment only through December 20, 2005. Therefore, approximately $104 million of Spansions net revenue from December 21, 2005 through December 25, 2005 was excluded from Memory Products net revenue in 2005. In addition, Memory Products net revenue was adversely impacted due to a decrease of 28 percent in average selling prices in 2005 compared to 2004, partially offset by an increase of 14 percent in unit shipments in 2005 compared to 2004. Net
revenue for the Memory Products segment for 2005 is not fully comparable with net revenue for 2004 because Spansions net revenue was not consolidated with our net revenue from December 21, 2005 through December 25, 2005.
We experienced an operating loss of $311 million in 2005 in the Memory Products segment compared to operating income of $35 million in 2004. The decline in operating results was primarily due to a decrease in net revenue of $430 million while the cost of sales only decreased $109 million. Net revenue decreased as a result of a decrease of 28 percent in average selling prices in 2005 compared to 2004. Net revenue for the Memory Products segment for 2005 is not fully comparable with net revenue for 2004 because Spansions net revenue was not consolidated with our net revenue from December 21, 2005 through December 25, 2005. In addition, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of approximately $16 million during the fourth quarter of 2005. Goodwill in the amount of $16 million was generated on June 30, 2003 as a result of the formation of Spansion LLC, which we accounted for as a partial step acquisition and purchase business combination. In the fourth quarter of 2005, after considering the fact that the estimated fair value of Spansion was less than our carrying net book value and after comparing the estimated fair value of Spansions assets (other than goodwill) to our carrying net book value for such assets, we concluded that the implied fair value of goodwill is zero. Therefore, we wrote off the entire $16 million of recorded goodwill.
All Other Category
All Other net revenue in 2006 decreased by $8 million from 2005, primarily because, we had minimal revenue from sales of PIC products and customers returned previously sold PIC products. Effective as of the third quarter of 2006, PIC products have not been manufactured.
All Other net revenue in 2005 was $6 million because of sales of PIC products. We launched the PIC in October 2004, and we did not generate any material sales from PIC products in 2004.
All Other operating loss of $722 million in 2006 increased by $679 million compared to an operating loss of $43 million in 2005. The increase in operating loss was primarily attributable to ATI acquisition-related charges of $557 million and an increase in employee stock-based compensation expense and profit sharing expense of $104 million. The ATI acquisition-related charges include the in-process research and development write-off of $416 million, amortization of acquired intangible assets of $47 million, cost of fair value adjustments to acquired inventory of $62 million and a $32 million charge associated with the integration plan which included termination of some AMD employees, cancellation of some existing contractual obligations and other costs that we incurred to integrate the operations of the two companies.
All Other operating loss of $43 million in 2005 increased from $39 million in 2004, primarily due a $10 million increase in employee stock-based compensation expense and profit sharing expense, partially offset by the fact that in 2004 we incurred restructuring and other special charges of $5 million, whereas there were no comparable charges in 2005.
Comparison of Gross Margin, Interest Income, Interest Expense, Other Income (Expense), Net, Income Taxes and Other Expenses
The following is a summary of certain consolidated statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2006, December 25, 2005 and December 26, 2004:
| 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||
| (In millions except for percentages) |
||||||||||||
| Cost of sales |
$ | 2,856 | $ | 3,456 | $ | 3,033 | ||||||
| Gross margin |
2,793 | 2,392 | 1,968 | |||||||||
| Gross margin percentage |
49 | % | 41 | % | 39 | % | ||||||
| Gross margin percentage excluding Memory Products |
49 | % | 56 | % | 55 | % | ||||||
| Research and development |
$ | 1,205 | $ | 1,144 | $ | 934 | ||||||
| Marketing, general and administrative |
1,140 | 1,016 | 812 | |||||||||
| In-process research and development |
416 | | | |||||||||
| Amortization of acquired intangible assets and integration charges |
79 | | | |||||||||
| Interest income |
(116 | ) | (37 | ) | (18 | ) | ||||||
| Interest expense |
126 | 105 | 112 | |||||||||
| Other income (expense), net |
(13 | ) | (24 | ) | (49 | ) | ||||||
| Equity in net loss of Spansion Inc. and other |
(45 | ) | (107 | ) | | |||||||
| Income tax provision (benefit) |
23 | (7 | ) | 6 |
Gross Margin
Gross margin increased to 49 percent in 2006 compared to 41 percent in 2005 because we did not consolidate Spansions results of operations with ours in 2006. Gross margin decreased to 49 percent in 2006 compared to gross margin, excluding the Memory Products segment, of 56 percent in 2005. Higher gross margin in the first half of 2006 was more than offset by lower gross margin in the second half of 2006. The decrease in gross margin in 2006 compared to 2005 was primarily due to increased manufacturing costs and flat average selling prices. The increase in manufacturing costs was primarily due to a shift in our product mix to higher-end microprocessor products. In addition, consolidated gross margin was adversely impacted by approximately two percent due to the consolidation of ATIs operations into ours from October 25, 2006 through December 31, 2006. Historically, the ATI business had lower gross margins as compared to AMD. Gross margin was also adversely impacted by approximately one percent due to the costs of fair value adjustments related to the inventory we acquired through the ATI acquisition. To the extent that average selling prices decrease without a corresponding decrease in manufacturing costs, our gross margins will be adversely impacted.
Gross margin increased to 41 percent in 2005 compared to 39 percent in 2004. The improvement in gross margin was primarily due to increased sales of our microprocessor products, which comprised a greater percentage of total net revenue in 2005 as compared to 2004. Computation Products net revenue carried a higher gross margin than Memory Products net revenue. In addition, the improvement in gross margin was due to a 1.5 percent increase in gross margin for Computation Products. Computation Products gross margin improved as a result of a nine percent increase in average selling prices discussed above, partially offset by increased manufacturing costs caused by the shift in our product mix to higher-end microprocessor products. Gross margin also improved because we were better able to absorb our fixed manufacturing costs due in part to improving yields at Fab 30. The improvement in gross margin was partially offset by a 12 percent decrease in gross margin for Memory Products due primarily to a decrease of 28 percent in average selling prices in 2005 compared to 2004, partially offset by an increase of 14 percent in unit shipments in 2005 compared to 2004.
We record grants and allowances that we receive from the State of Saxony and the Federal Republic of Germany for Fab 30 or Fab 36 as long-term liabilities on our consolidated financial statements. We amortize these amounts as they are earned as a reduction to operating expenses. We record the amortization of the
production related grants and allowances as a credit to cost of sales. The credit to cost of sales totaled $116 million in 2006, $72 million in 2005, and $67 million in 2004. The fluctuations in the recognition of these credits have not significantly impacted our gross margins.
Expenses
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses increased $61 million, or 5 percent, from $1,144 million in 2005 to $1,205 million in 2006. This increase was primarily attributable to: a $222 million increase in research and development expenses attributable to our Computation Products segment primarily due to an increase in silicon design, platform and product development costs for our microprocessor products, a $90 million increase due to the consolidation of ATIs research and development expenses from October 25, 2006, and a $39 million increase in stock-based compensation, corporate bonus and profit sharing expenses. Research and development expenses were partially offset by the absence of Spansion research and development expenses because we did not consolidate Spansions results of operations into ours in 2006. In 2005, research and development expenses attributable to our Memory Products segment were $290 million.
Research and development expenses increased $210 million, or 22 percent, from $934 million in 2004 to $1,144 million in 2005 primarily due to an increase of $103 million in product design and process improvement costs for new generations of our microprocessors and an increase in start-up costs associated with the Fab 36 project of $96 million.
From time to time, we also apply for and obtain subsidies from the State of Saxony, the Federal Republic of Germany and the European Union for certain research and development projects. We record the amortization of the research and development related grants and allowances as well as the research and development subsidies as a reduction of research and development expenses when all conditions and requirements set forth in the subsidy grant are met. The credit to research and development expenses totaled $27 million in 2006, $44 million in 2005, and $21 million in 2004.
Marketing, General and Administrative Expenses
Marketing, general and administrative expenses of $1,140 million in 2006 increased $124 million, or 12 percent, from $1,016 million in 2005. This increase was primarily attributable to a $258 million increase in marketing, general and administrative expenses attributable to our Computation Products segment primarily due to: a $215 million increase in marketing, branding and cooperative advertising costs, a $36 million increase due to the consolidation of ATIs marketing, general and administrative expenses from October 25, 2006, and a $27 million increase in stock-based compensation, corporate bonus and profit sharing expenses. Marketing, general and administrative expenses were partially offset by the absence of Spansion market, general and administrative expenses because we did not consolidate Spansions results of operations into ours in 2006. In 2005, marketing, general and administrative expenses attributable to our Memory Products segment were $208 million.
Marketing, general and administrative expenses of $1,016 million in 2005 increased $204 million, or 25 percent, compared to $812 million in 2004, primarily due to an increase of $110 million in marketing and cooperative advertising costs and other expenses related to the 17 percent increase in revenue in 2005 compared to 2004. In addition, in 2005 we wrote off goodwill of $16 million, which was originally recorded in 2003 as a result of the formation of Spansion LLC.
In-process research and development, and amortization of acquired intangible assets and integration charges
In-process research and development of $416 million in 2006 relates to projects acquired in connection with the acquisition of ATI. Amortization of acquired intangible assets and integration charges in 2006 includes amortization of $47 million and integration charges of $32 million. See Part II, Item 7, MD&AATI
AcquisitionIn-Process Research and Development,Other Acquisition Related Intangible Assets andIntegration Costs, for additional information.
Effects of 2002 Restructuring Plan
In December 2002, we began implementing a restructuring plan (the 2002 Restructuring Plan) to further align our cost structure to industry conditions resulting from weak customer demand and industry-wide excess inventory.
The 2002 Restructuring Plan resulted in the consolidation of facilities, primarily at our Sunnyvale, California site and at sales offices worldwide. We vacated and are attempting to sublease certain facilities that we currently occupy under long-term operating leases through 2011. We also terminated the implementation of certain partially completed enterprise resource planning software and other information technology implementation activities, resulting in the abandonment of certain software, hardware and capitalized development costs.
With the exception of exit costs consisting primarily of remaining lease payments on abandoned facilities net of estimated sublease income that are payable through 2011, we have completed the activities associated with the 2002 Restructuring Plan.
The following table summarizes activities under the 2002 Restructuring Plan for the three years ended December 31, 2006 (in millions):
| Severance and Employee Benefits |
Exit and Equipment Decommission Costs |
Total | ||||||||||
| Accruals at December 28, 2003 |
$ | 7 | $ | 121 | $ | 128 | ||||||
| Cash payments |
(7 | ) | (20 | ) | (27 | ) | ||||||
| Non-cash adjustments |
| 5 | 5 | |||||||||
| Accruals at December 26, 2004 |
| 106 | 106 | |||||||||
| Cash payments |
| (21 | ) | (21 | ) | |||||||
| Accruals at December 25, 2005 |
| 85 | 85 | |||||||||
| Cash payments |
| (18 | ) | (18 | ) | |||||||
| Accruals at December 31, 2006 |
$ | | $ | 67 | $ | 67 |
Interest Income
Interest income of $116 million in 2006 increased from $37 million in 2005, primarily due to a combination of an increase in average cash and marketable securities during 2006 compared to 2005 and a 54 percent increase in weighted-average interest rates.
Interest income of $37 million in 2005 increased from $18 million 2004, primarily due to a 135 percent increase in weighted-average interest rates and an increase in average cash and marketable securities in 2005 compared to 2004.
We expect interest income will be significantly lower in 2007 due to lower average cash and marketable securities balances.
Interest Expense
| 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||
| Total interest charges |
$ | 136 | $ | 140 | $ | 121 | ||||||
| Less: interest capitalized |
(10 | ) | (35 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||||
| Interest expense |
$ | 126 | $ | 105 | $ | 112 |
Interest expense of $126 million in 2006 increased from $105 million in 2005 primarily for the following reasons:
Interest expense incurred on the October 2006 Term Loan and the Fab 36 Term Loan was $38 and $10 million, and these loans were not outstanding in 2005;
Interest expense incurred on capital lease payments was approximately $11 million higher in 2006 due to increased assets acquired under capital leases; and
Capitalized interest expense which was primarily related to Fab 36 was $25 million lower in 2006 compared to 2005. These factors were offset by the following factors:
During 2006 we did not consolidate Spansions results of operations, and, therefore interest expense on Spansions third-party debt, which was $24 million for 2005, was not included in 2006;
Interest expense incurred on our 4.75% Debentures decreased by $21 million in 2006 compared to 2005 because holders of the 4.75% Debentures converted their debentures into shares of our common stock during the first quarter of 2006 whereas during 2005, $500 million of the aggregate principal amount of our 4.75% Debentures was outstanding; and
Interest expense incurred on our 7.75% Notes decreased by $13 million because we redeemed $210 million of the aggregate principal amount outstanding during the first quarter of 2006. We expect that interest expense will be significantly higher in 2007 due to additional interest incurred pursuant to the October 2006 Term Loan and the Fab 36 Term Loan.
Interest expense of $105 million in 2005 decreased $7 million compared to $112 million in 2004 primarily for the following reasons:
In 2004, interest expense included approximately $26 million of interest under the Fab 30 Term Loan. Because we prepaid this loan on November 2, 2004, we did not incur any interest in connection with this loan in 2005;
Interest expense incurred on our 4.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2007 was $9 million in 2005 compared with $19 million in 2004 because the holders of an aggregate principal amount of $201.5 million of these notes converted their notes into our common stock during the fourth quarter of 2005, and we exchanged an aggregate principal amount of $200 million of these notes in a series of transactions during the fourth quarter of 2004 for shares of our common stock, and
During 2005, we capitalized interest of $35 million in connection with Fab 36 construction activities in Dresden, Germany compared with $9 million in 2004. These factors were offset by the following:
During 2005 we incurred higher interest expense of $48 million in connection with our 7.75% Notes, which we sold on October 29, 2004, compared with $8 million in 2004; and
Interest expense incurred pursuant to capital leases increased by approximately $10 million in 2005 compared with 2004. Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income (expense), net of $13 million expense in the 2006 consisted primarily of a charge of $16 million related to a redemption premium and a charge of $4 million related to unamortized issuance costs incurred in connection with our redemption of 35 percent of the principal outstanding amount, or $210 million, of our 7.75% Notes, and $12 million of finance charges related to the Fab 36 Term Loan, partially offset by a gain of $10 million associated with Spansion LLCs repurchase of its 12.75% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2016 and other miscellaneous items of income, net totaling $9 million.
Other income (expense), net of $24 million expense in 2005 consisted primarily of a loss of approximately $10 million during the fourth quarter of 2005 resulting from the mark-to-market to earnings of certain foreign currency forward contracts which became ineffective in hedging against certain forecasted foreign currency transactions and approximately $14 million of commitment and guarantee fees incurred in connection with the Fab 36 Term Loan. We dont expect these foreign currency transactions to occur in the future due to the change of functional currency for AMD Fab 36 KG from the euro to the U.S. dollar.
Other income (expense), net of $49 million in 2004 was due primarily to a charge of approximately $32 million related to a series of transactions pursuant to which we exchanged $201 million of our 4.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2007 for our common stock. The charge represented the difference between the fair value of the common stock issued in the transactions and the fair value of common stock issuable pursuant to the original conversion terms of these notes. In addition, interest income and other income (expense), net, in 2004 included a charge of approximately $14 million in connection with our prepayment of the term loan agreement between our German subsidiary, AMD Saxony Limited Liability Company & Co. KG and a consortium of banks in order to finance Fab 30, and a loss of approximately $6 million during the second quarter of 2004 resulting from the mark-to-market to earnings of certain foreign currency forward contracts that we used as economic hedges of forecasted capital contributions to AMD Fab 36 KG, which did not qualify as accounting hedges.
Equity in net loss of Spansion Inc. and other
Prior to the Spansion IPO, we held a 60 percent controlling ownership interest in Spansion, and Spansions financial position, results of operations and cash flows were consolidated with ours. Consequently, Spansions results of operations through December 20, 2005 were included in our consolidated statements of operations and cash flows in 2005. Following Spansions IPO, our ownership interest was diluted from 60 percent to approximately 38 percent and we no longer exercised control over Spansion. As a result, from December 21, 2005, the closing date of the IPO, through December 25, 2005 and during 2006 we used the equity method of accounting to reflect our share of Spansions net income (loss), and we no longer consolidated Spansions financial position, operating results or cash flows with ours. In connection with the reduction of our ownership interest in Spansion, we recorded a loss of $110 million in 2005 which represents the difference between Spansions book value per share before and after the IPO multiplied by the number of shares of Spansions common stock owned by us.
In November 2006, we sold 21,000,000 shares of Spansions Class A common stock in an underwritten public offering. We received $278 million in net proceeds from the offering and realized a gain of $6 million from the sale, which was included in the caption, Equity in net loss of Spansion, Inc. and other in our consolidated statements of operations. As a result of the offering, as of December 31, 2006 we own a total of 27,529,403 shares or approximately 21 percent of Spansions outstanding common stock. During 2006, our equity in net loss of Spansion Inc. was $51 million. As of December 31, 2006, the carrying net book value of our net equity investment in Spansion, which includes our proportionate share of Spansions accumulated other comprehensive income, amounted to approximately $361 million. The fair value of this investment was approximately $409 million based on Spansions common stock closing market price on December 29, 2006, the last trading day of the fiscal year.
To the extent that our ownership in Spansion decreases in the future whether it is caused by disposal of our ownership interest or by Spansions issuance of additional common stock, we would record either a gain or a loss on such further dilution depending on Spansions book value and fair value at that time, which could have a material effect on our results of operations in the period in which this ownership dilution occurs.
Income Taxes
We recorded an income tax provision of $23 million in 2006, a tax provision benefit of $7 million in 2005, and an income tax provision of $6 million in 2004. The income tax provision in 2006 primarily results from
current foreign taxes, plus deferred U.S. taxes related to indefinite-lived goodwill, and reduced by deferred foreign benefits from removing part of the valuation allowance on German net operating loss carryovers of Fab 36. The income tax benefit in 2005 primarily reflects U.S. tax benefits realized from the utilization of net operating losses and tax credits and foreign tax benefits generated by Spansion in certain foreign jurisdictions. Spansions IPO did not have a material impact on our tax provision. The income tax provision in 2004 primarily reflects U.S. income taxes, including taxes on the dividends repatriated from controlled foreign corporations, partially offset by foreign tax benefits because of losses in various foreign jurisdictions.
As of December 31, 2006, we had U.S. federal and state net operating loss carry-forwards of approximately $38 million and $99 million. We also had U.S. federal and state tax credit carry-forwards of approximately $310 million and $112 million. The U.S. net operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards subject to expiration will expire at various dates beginning in 2007 through 2026, if not utilized. Approximately $28 million of our U.S. federal net operating loss carry-forwards are subject to annual limitations as a result of the ATI acquisition and prior purchase transactions. Less than $6 million of U.S. federal tax credit carry-forwards will expire unused by the end of 2009 should U.S. federal income tax liabilities not be large enough to utilize them in these future years.
We had German federal income and state trade tax operating loss carry-forwards of approximately $469 million and $414 million. German federal income and trade tax net operating losses are not subject to expiration. However, German losses are limited to 60 percent of taxable income in any one year.
We had Canadian federal and provincial tax operating loss carry-forwards of approximately $31 million. These losses expire in 2026. We also had Canadian investment tax credits of approximately $139 million. $72 million of these investment tax credits expires in 2012 and 2013 with the remainder expiring by 2026. We also had Canadian federal and provincial research and development pools of $523 million and $275 million, respectively, which are not subject to expiration.
We had net operating losses of $154 million in Barbados which expire beginning in 2012 through 2015.
We also had foreign loss carry-forwards totaling approximately $34 million in other countries with various expiration dates.
We maintain a full valuation allowance against all our net U.S. federal, state and Canadian deferred tax assets and certain of our other foreign deferred tax assets ($1.046 billion at December 31, 2006) because of our prior history of losses.
In 2006 the net valuation allowance increased by $305 million primarily to provide valuation allowance for tax assets in Canada and for losses in the U.S. as a result of our purchase accounting related to the ATI acquisition. If we in the future determine that it is more likely than not that some or all of the net deferred tax assets will be realized, an appropriate amount of the previously provided valuation allowance will be reversed, resulting in a benefit to our operating results or a reduction of goodwill if the valuation allowance is related to acquired deferred tax assets. Such benefits would be recorded on the income tax (benefit) provision line of our statement of operations in the quarter such determination is made.
We have placed a full valuation allowance on our Canadian net deferred tax assets acquired from the acquisition of ATI. These new Canadian operations are subject to immediate taxation in the U.S. as a branch. Future profits will be taxed at U.S. corporate tax rates net of any Canadian income taxes allowable as U.S. foreign income tax credits.
We have a deferred tax liability associated with a portion of the indefinite-lived goodwill resulting from the acquisition of ATI, as this portion of the purchase price is tax deductible. Because we also have a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets without this item, future increases to this deferred tax liability will increase our provision for income taxes independent of the changes in deferred tax assets, liabilities, and
valuation allowance related to other temporary differences. This deferred tax liability cannot be used as a source of realization for deferred tax assets because the underlying tax deductible goodwill is indefinite lived. Once the valuation allowance on U.S. deferred tax assets, net of deferred tax liabilities, is removed continued increases to this deferred tax liability may not directly increase the tax provision as this increase will be aggregated with other deferred tax changes. While the valuation allowance is present our tax expenses will not decline proportionately with declines in our consolidated income.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
On December 26, 2005, we adopted SFAS 123R, which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors, including employee stock options and employee stock purchases related to our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, based on estimated fair values. We adopted SFAS 123R using the modified prospective transition method. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, we recognized stock-based compensation expense in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. Upon adoption of SFAS 123R, we changed our method of attributing the value of stock-based compensation expense from the multiple-option (i.e. accelerated) approach to the single option (i.e. straight-line) method. Also, upon adoption of SFAS 123R, we changed the method of valuing stock option awards from the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which was previously used for our pro forma information disclosures of stock-based compensation expense as required under SFAS No. 123, Stock Based Compensation (SFAS 123) to a lattice-binomial option-pricing model. The following table summarizes our stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and employee stock purchases pursuant to our Employee Stock Purchase Plan under SFAS 123R for the year ended December 31, 2006, which we recorded in our consolidated results of operations as follows:
Stock-based compensation included as a component of:
| Year Ended December 31, 2006 | |||
| (In millions) | |||
| Cost of sales |
$ | 8 | |
| Research and development |
30 | ||
| Marketing, general, and administrative |
39 | ||
| Total stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and employee stock purchases |
77 | ||
| Tax benefit |
| ||
| Stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and employee stock purchases, net of tax |
$ | 77 |
We recognized minimal stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 25, 2005, and December 26, 2004.
In anticipation of the adoption of SFAS 123R, beginning in the first quarter of 2006 we changed the quantity and type of instrument we primarily use in stock-based payment programs for our employees by shifting from granting primarily stock options to granting primarily restricted stock units. Restricted stock units are awards that obligate us to issue a specific number of shares of our common stock if the vesting terms and conditions are satisfied. Restricted stock units based on continued service generally vest over three to four years from the date of grant. Restricted stock units based solely on performance conditions generally do not vest for at least one year from the date of grant. Beginning in the first quarter of 2006, all employees below the level of vice president receive restricted stock units and employees at the vice president level and above receive grants of restricted stock units and stock options. As of December 31, 2006, we had $56 million of total unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, related to stock options that will be recognized over the weighted average
period of 1.05 years. Also, as of December 31, 2006, we had $110 million of total unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, related to restricted stock and restricted stock units that will be recognized over the weighted average period of 1.64 years. For additional information on stock-based compensation expense, see Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements.
On April 27, 2005, we accelerated the vesting of all stock options outstanding under the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan and our prior equity compensation plans that had exercise prices per share higher than the closing price of our stock on April 27, 2005, which was $14.51. Options to purchase approximately 12 million shares of our common stock became exercisable immediately. Options held by non-employee directors were not included in the vesting acceleration.
The primary purpose for accelerating the vesting was to eliminate future compensation expense we would otherwise recognize in our statement of operations with respect to these accelerated options upon the adoption of SFAS 123R. The acceleration of the vesting of these options did not result in a charge based on U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
On December 15, 2005, we accelerated the vesting of all outstanding AMD stock options and restricted stock units held by Spansion employees that would otherwise have vested from December 16, 2005 to December 31, 2006. In connection with the modification of the terms of these options to accelerate their vesting, $1.2 million was recorded as non-cash compensation expense on a pro forma basis in accordance with SFAS 123, and this amount was included in the pro forma stock compensation expense for the year ended December 25, 2005.
The primary purpose for accelerating the vesting of these awards was to minimize future compensation expense that we and Spansion would otherwise have been required to recognize in Spansions and our respective statements of operations with respect to these awards. If we had not accelerated the vesting of these awards, they would have been subject to variable accounting in accordance with the guidance provided in EITF Issue No. 96-18, Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Service and EITF Issue No. 00-12, Accounting by an Investor for Stock-Based Compensation Granted to Employees of an Equity Method Investee . This accounting treatment would have applied because following Spansions IPO, we no longer consolidate Spansions results of operations in our financial statements. Accordingly, Spansion employees are no longer considered our employees. Under variable fair value accounting, we would have been required to re-measure the fair value of unvested stock-based awards of our common stock held by Spansion employees after Spansions IPO at the end of each accounting period until such awards were fully vested.
In connection with the acceleration of the vesting of these awards, we recorded a compensation charge in the fourth quarter of 2005 of $1.5 million, which was based on the estimated forfeiture rate of 7.94 percent. The actual forfeitures for 2006 were not materially different from the estimate used.
International Sales
International sales as a percent of net revenue were 75 percent in 2006, 79 percent in 2005 and 79 percent in 2004. In 2006, all of our net revenue was denominated in U.S. dollars. During 2005 and 2004, approximately 14 and 22 percent of our net revenue was denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, primarily the Japanese yen. However, as a result of the closing of Spansions IPO on December 21, 2005, we do not expect to have significant sales denominated in the Japanese yen in the future.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities at December 31, 2006 totaled $1.5 billion and our debt and capital lease obligations totaled $3.8 billion.
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $1.3 billion in 2006. Net loss of $166 million was adjusted for non-cash charges consisting primarily of $837 million of depreciation and amortization expense, $416 million for the write-off of in-process research and development expenses related to the ATI acquisition, stock-based compensation expense of $77 million, and $45 million related to an equity interest in the net loss of Spansion. These charges were offset by amortization of foreign grants and subsidies of $151 million. The net changes in operating assets at December 31, 2006 compared to December 25, 2005 included a decrease in payables to related parties of $229 million because we no longer ship products and invoice customers on behalf of Spansion. Prior to the second quarter of 2006, we shipped products to and invoiced Spansions customers in our name on behalf of Spansion and remitted the receipts to Spansion. The increase in other assets was primarily due to purchases of new technology licenses. The increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $530 million was primarily related to higher purchases of raw materials, future payment of technology licenses, and marketing accruals due to increased operations in the Computation Products segment.
Net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $1.5 billion in 2005. Net income of $165 million was adjusted for non-cash charges consisting primarily of $1.2 billion of depreciation and amortization expense, a non-cash charge of approximately $110 million that we incurred as a result of the dilution of our ownership in Spansion from 60 percent to approximately 38 percent as a result of Spansions IPO, and a non-cash charge of $16 million in connection with our write-off of goodwill that was generated as of June 30, 2003 as a result of the formation of Spansion LLC, contributed to the positive cash flows from operations. The net changes in operating assets in 2005 compared to 2004 included an increase in accounts receivable due to higher net revenue and decreased inventories due primarily to the deconsolidation of Spansions results of operations from ours as a result of Spansions IPO.
Net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $1.1 billion in 2004. Net income of $91 million was adjusted for non-cash charges consisting primarily of $1.2 billion of depreciation and amortization expense and $32 million associated with our exchange of $201 million of our 4.50% Notes for common stock in the fourth quarter of 2004, contributed to the positive cash flows from operations. The net changes in operating assets in 2004 as compared to 2003 included an increase in accounts receivable due to higher net revenue, and increased inventories due primarily to an increase in microprocessor inventories resulting from a higher percentage of AMD64-based processors and improved market conditions.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $4.3 billion in 2006. We used $3.9 billion, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired, to acquire ATI, and $1.9 billion to purchase property, plant and equipment, including approximately $987 million to purchase equipment for Fab 36. This was partially offset by a net cash inflow of $947 million from sales and maturities of available for sale securities, $278 million from the sale of part of our investment in Spansion, Inc., and $175 million of proceeds from Spansion LLCs repurchase of its 12.75% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2016.
Net cash used in investing activities was $2.3 billion in 2005. We used $1.5 billion to purchase property, plant and equipment, including approximately $726 million for Fab 36, and a net cash outflow of $726 million from purchases of available-for-sale securities, including a purchase of $175 million aggregate principal amount of Spansions 12.75% Senior Subordinated Notes for approximately $158.9 million, partially offset by $261 million in proceeds from Spansions repayment of amounts outstanding under promissory notes to us and $133 million cash decrease due to the deconsolidation of Spansions results of operations from ours.
Net cash used in investing activities was $1.6 billion in 2004. We used $1.4 billion to purchase property, plant and equipment, including approximately $569 million to construct Fab 36, and a net cash outflow of $150 million from purchases of available-for-sale securities, offset by $34 million in proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment.
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $3.8 billion in 2006, and consisted primarily of proceeds from: borrowings of $3.4 billion pursuant to the October 2006 Term Loan and the Fab 36 Term Loan; proceeds of $495 million from the sale of our common stock in an equity offering, issuance of stock under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan and the exercise of employee stock options of $231 million; and capital investment grants and allowances from the Federal Republic of Germany and the State of Saxony for the Fab 36 project of $210 million. These amounts were offset by $539 million in payments on debt and capital lease obligations, primarily due to our redemption of 35 percent of the aggregate principal amount outstanding (or $210 million) of our 7.75% Notes, and $284 million to repay a portion of the amount outstanding under the October 2006 Term Loan. During 2006, we did not realize any excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation. Therefore, we did not record any related financing cash flow.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $494 million in 2005. This amount included $186 million in proceeds from borrowings by Spansion and $60 million of silent partnership contributions from the unaffiliated partners of AMD Fab 36 KG which we classify as debt, approximately $90 million in investments from the these unaffiliated partners, $189 million in proceeds from the issuance of stock under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan and the exercise of stock options, $163 million of capital investment grants and allowances from the Federal Republic of Germany and the Free State of Saxony for the Fab 36 project and $129 million of proceeds from equipment sale and leaseback transactions completed by Spansion. These amounts were offset by $316 million in payments on debt and capital lease obligations.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $413 million in 2004. This amount included $745 million of proceeds from financing activities, including $588 million in proceeds, net of $13 million in debt issuance costs, from the issuance of our 7.75% Notes, approximately $250 million in investments from the un-affiliated partners of AMD Fab 36 KG, $60 million of proceeds from equipment sale and leaseback transactions, $30 million of capital investment grants and allowances from the Federal Republic of Germany and the Free State of Saxony for the Fab 36 project, $124 million in proceeds from the issuance of stock under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan and the exercise of stock options and the elimination of our $224 million compensating cash balance due to the prepayment of our Fab 30 Term Loan. These amounts were offset by $898 million in payments on debt and capital lease obligations, including approximately $647 million used to prepay amounts outstanding under the Fab 30 Term Loan, including accrued and unpaid interest.
Liquidity
We believe that cash flows from operations and current cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities balances together with available external financing will be sufficient to fund our operations and capital investments in the short term and long term, including the estimated additional $2.5 billion in capital expenditures in 2007. Should additional funding be required, such as to meet payment obligations of our long-term debt when due, we may need to raise the required funds through borrowings or public or private sales of debt or equity securities, which may be issued from time to time under an effective registration statement; through the issuance of securities in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 or a combination of one or more of the foregoing.
Additionally, under the terms of the October 2006 Term Loan, we must prepay the October 2006 Term Loan with: (i) 100 percent of the net cash proceeds from any debt incurred by us or a restricted subsidiary; (ii) 50 percent of net cash proceeds from the issuance of any capital stock by us (subject to specified exceptions); (iii) 100 percent of extraordinary receipts (as defined in the October 2006 Term Loan) in excess of $30 million; (iv) 100 percent of net cash proceeds from asset sales outside of the ordinary course of business in excess of $30 million, subject to a reinvestment allowance; (v) commencing with the fiscal year ending December 30, 2007, 50 percent of excess cash flow; and (vi) 100 percent of net cash proceeds from sale of capital stock of Spansion Inc. Prepayment of the October 2006 Term Loan from 50 percent of excess cash flow as used in the preceding clause (v), is intended to reach our cash income that is not actually applied to certain limited uses that merit priority over prepayment of the amount outstanding under the October 2006 Term Loan. Excess cash flow is
defined as consolidated net income adjusted for non-cash items and changes in working capital, but subtracting actual capital expenditures and mandatory and optional repayment of any funded debt (other than revolving loans, except to the extent the revolving loan commitment is permanently reduced). See Part II, Item 7, MD& A- October 2006 Term Loan, below for more information regarding the terms of this loan.
Despite these mandatory prepayment obligations, we believe that, in the event additional funding is required, we will be able to access the capital markets on terms and in amounts adequate to meet our objectives. However, given the possibility of changes in market conditions or other occurrences, there can be no certainty that such funding will be available on terms favorable to us or at all.
We have an ongoing authorization from the Board of Directors to repurchase up to $300 million worth of our common stock over a period of time to be determined by management. These repurchases may be made in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions from time to time in compliance with applicable rules and regulations, subject to market conditions, applicable legal requirements and other factors. We are not required to repurchase any particular amount of our common stock and the program may be suspended at any time at our discretion. During the fourth quarter of 2006, we did not repurchase any of our equity securities pursuant to this Board authorized program.
Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes our principal contractual cash obligations at December 31, 2006, and is supplemented by the discussion following the table.
Contractual obligations at December 31, 2006 were:
| Contractual Obligations | Payment due by period | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | Fiscal 2007 |
Fiscal 2008 |
Fiscal 2009 |
Fiscal 2010 |
Fiscal 2011 |
Fiscal 2012 and beyond | |||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| October 2006 Term Loan |
$ | 2,216 | $ | 18 | $ | 23 | $ | 22 | $ | 22 | $ | 22 | $ | 2,109 | |||||||
| Fab 36 Term Loan |
893 | 53 | 179 | 268 | 304 | 89 | | ||||||||||||||
| Repurchase obligations to Fab 36 Partners (1) |
126 | 42 | 42 | 42 | | | | ||||||||||||||
| 7.75% Senior Notes Due 2012 |
390 | | | | | | 390 | ||||||||||||||
| Other debt |
12 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | ||||||||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities |
87 | 6 | 51 | 20 | | | 10 | ||||||||||||||
| Aggregate interest obligation (2) |
1,522 | 299 | 274 | 247 | 216 | 195 | 291 | ||||||||||||||
| Obligations under capital leases (3) |
315 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 187 | ||||||||||||||
| Operating leases |
381 | 69 | 64 | 54 | 49 | 26 | 119 | ||||||||||||||
| Unconditional purchase commitments (4) |
3,035 | 1,240 | 624 | 364 | 105 | 102 | 600 | ||||||||||||||
| Total contractual obligations |
$ | 8,977 | $ | 1,755 | $ | 1,283 | $ | 1,044 | $ | 723 | $ | 461 | $ | 3,711 |
(1)
Represents the amount of silent partnership contributions that our subsidiaries are required to repurchase from the unaffiliated limited partners of AMD Fab 36 KG and is exclusive of the guaranteed rate of return. See Fab 36 Term Loan and Guarantee and Fab 36 Partnership Agreements, below.
(2)
Represents estimated aggregate interest obligations for our debt obligations (excluding capital lease obligations), including the guaranteed rate of return on our repurchase of the unaffiliated partners silent partnership contributions, based on our assumptions regarding wafer output.
(3)
Includes principal and interest.
(4)
We have unconditional purchase commitments for goods and services where payments are based, in part, on volume or type of services we require. In those cases, we only included the minimum volume of purchase commitments in the table above. Also, purchase orders for goods and services that are cancelable upon notice and without significant penalties are not included in the amounts above. October 2006 Term Loan
On October 24, 2006, we entered into a credit agreement with Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., as Syndication Agent and Administrative Agent, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as Collateral Agent, and other lenders that may become party thereto from time to time (October 2006 Term Loan), pursuant to which we borrowed an aggregate amount of $2.5 billion to finance a portion of the acquisition of ATI and related fees and expenses.
Amounts borrowed under the October 2006 Term Loan bear interest, in the case of base rate loans, at a rate equal to the base rate, which is the higher of (i) the prime rate published by the Wall Street Journal and (ii) 0.5 percent per annum above the Federal Funds Effective Rate (as defined in the October 2006 Term Loan) plus a 1.25 percent margin, or in the case of Eurodollar loans, at a rate equal to the Eurodollar Rate (as defined in the October 2006 Term Loan) plus a 2.25 percent margin. Such margins will reduce by 0.25 percent when the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the October 2006 Term Loan is less than $1.75 billion. As of October 24, 2006, the base rate was 8.25 percent, without the margin, and the Eurodollar Rate was 5.32 percent, without the margin. Pursuant to the October 2006 Term Loan, we may select an interest period of one, two, three, six, or if available to all the lenders, nine or twelve months for each loan. The rate of interest is reset at the beginning of each new interest period. The October 2006 Term Loan is repayable in quarterly installments commencing in December 2006 and terminating in December 2013. The initial twenty-five quarterly payments are in the principal amount of approximately $6 million. The final four quarterly repayments are in the principal amount of approximately $521 million. As of December 31, 2006, the interest rate, which was based on the Eurodollar Rate, was 7.62 percent.
We may prepay the October 2006 Term Loan at any time without premium or penalty. In addition, we are required to prepay the October 2006 Term Loan with: (i) 100 percent of the net cash proceeds from any debt incurred by us or a restricted subsidiary; (ii) 50 percent of net cash proceeds from the issuance of any capital stock by us (subject to specified exceptions); (iii) 100 percent of extraordinary receipts (as defined in the October 2006 Term Loan) in excess of $30 million; (iv) 100 percent of net cash proceeds from asset sales outside of the ordinary course of business in excess of $30 million, subject to a reinvestment allowance; (v) commencing with the fiscal year ending December 29, 2007, 50 percent of excess cash flow; and (vi) 100 percent of net cash proceeds from sale of capital stock of Spansion Inc. See Part II, Item 7, MD&ALiquidity, for additional information on the definition of excess cash flow.
The October 2006 Term Loan contains certain covenants that limit, among other things, our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries (which at this time are all of our subsidiaries) from:
incurring additional indebtedness, except specified permitted debt;
creating or permitting certain liens;
consolidating, merging or selling assets as an entirety or substantially as an entirety unless specified conditions are met;
paying dividends and making other restricted payments if a default or an event of default exists, or if specified financial conditions are not satisfied;
making or committing to make any capital expenditures in the ordinary course of business exceeding a specified amount;
issuing or selling any shares of capital stock of our restricted subsidiaries;
entering into certain types of transactions with affiliates;
creating restrictions on the making of certain distributions by our restricted subsidiaries, such as dividends, loans or transfer of properties to us;
permitting domestic wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries to guarantee our indebtedness unless they also guarantee the October 2006 Term Loan; and
permitting our Consolidated Net Senior Secured Leverage Ratio (as defined in the October 2006 Term Loan) to exceed 2.25 to 1.00. Amounts outstanding under the October 2006 Term Loan may become due and payable upon the occurrence of specified events, including, among other things: failure to pay any obligations under the October 2006 Term Loan that have become due; breach of any representation or warranty, or specific covenants; any default in making any payment of principal or interest of any debt the outstanding amount of which exceeds $50 million or any default in the observance or performance of any other obligations under such debt; any default in the related security documents executed in connection with the October 2006 Term Loan, or the security documents or any lien created by the security documents ceasing to be in full force or effect; filings or proceedings in bankruptcy; judgment or awards entered against us or any significant subsidiary involving aggregate liability of $50 million or more; or a change of control (as defined in the October 2006 Term Loan).
In connection with the October 2006 Term Loan we and our subsidiaries, AMD International Sales & Service, Ltd., AMD (U.S.) Holdings, Inc., AMD US Finance, Inc., ATI Research Silicon Valley Inc., ATI Research, Inc., and ATI Technologies Systems Corp. (collectively referred to as the Grantors) entered into a collateral agreement in favor of Wells Fargo, as Collateral Agent. Under the Collateral Agreement, each Grantor granted Wells Fargo a security interest in, among other things, and subject to certain exceptions, now owned and hereafter acquired: (i) accounts receivable; (ii) proceeds and products from the sale of capital stock of Spansion Inc.; (iii) the Spansion Collateral Account (as defined in the October 2006 Term Loan), if and when it is created; (iv) certain of the Grantors respective equity interests in certain affiliates; and (v) all indebtedness for borrowed money owed to any Grantor by an affiliate.
In connection with the October 2006 Term Loan and the Collateral Agreement, the Grantors and Wells Fargo, as Collateral Agent, entered into a collateral trust agreement (Collateral Trust Agreement) whereby Wells Fargo holds in trust the pledged collateral under the Collateral Agreement. The Collateral Trust Agreement is the principal document by which the holders of our 7.75% Notes are secured equally and ratably with the lenders under the October 2006 Term Loan, as is required by the Indenture, dated as of October 29, 2004, between us and Wells Fargo, as trustee.
In November 2006, we repaid $278 million of the October 2006 Term Loan out of the net cash proceeds from the sale of Spansion common stock. In addition, in December 2006, we repaid the first quarterly installment of $6 million. As of December 31, 2006, $2.2 billion was outstanding under this loan.
Fab 36 Term Loan and Guarantee and Fab 36 Partnership Agreements
Our new 300-millimeter wafer fabrication facility, Fab 36, is located in Dresden, Germany adjacent to our other wafer manufacturing facility, Fab 30. Fab 36 is owned by AMD Fab 36 Limited Liability Company & Co. KG (or AMD Fab 36 KG), a German limited partnership. We control the management of AMD Fab 36 KG through a wholly owned Delaware subsidiary, AMD Fab 36 LLC, which is a general partner of AMD Fab 36 KG. AMD Fab 36 KG is our indirect consolidated subsidiary.
To date, we have provided a significant portion of financing for the Fab 36. In addition to our financing, Leipziger Messe GmbH, a nominee of the State of Saxony, Fab 36 Beteiligungs GmbH, an investment consortium arranged by M+W Zander Facility Engineering GmbH, the general contractor for the project, and a consortium of banks have provided financing for the project. Leipziger Messe and Fab 36 Beteiligungs are limited partners in AMD Fab 36 KG. We also anticipate receiving grants and allowances from federal and state German authorities for the Fab 36 project. We expect that our capital expenditures for Fab 36 from 2007 through 2008 will be approximately $1.0 billion in the aggregate.
The funding to construct and facilitize Fab 36 consists of:
equity contributions from us of $772 million under the partnership agreements, revolving loans from us of up to approximately $990 million, and guarantees from us for amounts owed by AMD Fab 36 KG and its affiliates to the lenders and unaffiliated partners;
investments of approximately $422 million from Leipziger Messe and Fab 36 Beteiligungs;
loans of approximately $893 million from a consortium of banks, which was fully drawn as of December 31, 2006;
up to approximately $716 million of subsidies consisting of grants and allowances, from the Federal Republic of Germany and the State of Saxony; depending on the level of capital investments by AMD Fab 36 KG, of which $364 million of cash has been received as of December 31, 2006; and
a loan guarantee from the Federal Republic of Germany and the State of Saxony of 80 percent of the losses sustained by the lenders referenced above after foreclosure on all other security. As of December 31, 2006, we had contributed to AMD Fab 36 KG the full amount of equity required under the partnership agreements and no loans from us were outstanding. These equity amounts have been eliminated in our consolidated financial statements.
On April 21, 2004, AMD Fab 36 KG entered into a EUR 700 million Term Loan Facility Agreement among AMD Fab 36 KG, as borrower, and a consortium of banks led by Dresdner Bank AG, as lenders, dated April 21, 2004 (Fab 36 Term Loan) and other related agreements (collectively, the Fab 36 Loan Agreements) to finance the purchase of equipment and tools required to operate Fab 36. The consortium of banks agreed to make available up to $893 million in loans to AMD Fab 36 KG upon its achievement of specified milestones, including attainment of technical completion at Fab 36, which requires certification by the banks technical advisor that AMD Fab 36 KG has a wafer fabrication process suitable for high-volume production of advanced microprocessors and has achieved specified levels of average wafer starts per week and average wafer yields, as well as cumulative capital expenditures of approximately $1.3 billion.
On October 13, 2006, we executed an Amendment Agreement dated as of October 10, 2006, which amended the terms of the Fab 36 Term Loan. Under the amended and restated Fab 36 Term Loan, AMD Fab 36 KG has the option to borrow in U.S. dollars as long as our group consolidated cash (which is defined as the sum of our unsecured cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments less the aggregate amount outstanding under any revolving credit facility) is at least $500 million. Moreover, to protect the lenders from currency risks, if our consolidated cash is below $1 billion or our credit rating drops below B3 by Moodys and B- by Standard & Poors, AMD Fab 36 KG will be required to maintain a cash reserve account with deposits equal to 5 percent of the amount of U.S. dollar loans outstanding under the Fab 36 Term Loan and to make balancing payments into this account equal to the difference between (x) the total amount of U.S. dollar loans outstanding under the Fab 36 Term Loan and (y) the U.S dollar equivalent of 700 million euros (as reduced by repayments, prepayments, cancellations, and any outstanding loans denominated in euros.
In October 2006, AMD Fab 36 KG borrowed $645 million in U.S. dollars under the Fab 36 Term Loan (the First Installment). In December 2006, AMD Fab 36 KG borrowed $248 million in U.S. dollars under the Fab 36 Term Loan (the Second Installment). As of December 31, 2006, AMD Fab 36 KG had borrowed the full amount available under the Fab 36 Term Loan and the total amount outstanding under the Fab 36 Term Loan was $893 million. AMD Fab 36 KG may select an interest period of one, two, or three months or any other period agreed between AMD Fab 36 KG and the lenders. The rate of interest on each installment for the interest period selected is the percentage rate per annum which is the aggregate of the applicable margin, plus LIBOR plus minimum reserve cost if any. As of December 31, 2006, the rate of interest for the initial interest period was 7.1259 percent for the First Installment and 7.11563 percent for the Second Installment. This loan is repayable in quarterly installments commencing in September 2007 and terminating in March 2011.
The amended and restated Fab 36 Term Loan also amends certain covenants applicable to AMD Fab 36 KG. For example, for as long as group consolidated cash is at least $1 billion, our credit rating is at least B3 by Moodys and B- by Standard & Poors, and no event of default has occurred, the only financial covenant that AMD Fab 36 KG is required to comply with is a loan to fixed asset value covenant. Specifically, the loan to fixed
asset value (as defined in the agreement) as at the end of any relevant period specified in Column A below cannot exceed the percentage set out opposite such relevant period in Column B below:
| Column A | Column B | |
| (Relevant Period) |
(Maximum Percentage of Loan to Fixed Asset Value) | |
| up to and including 31 December 2008 |
50 percent | |
| up to and including 31 December 2009 |
45 percent | |
| thereafter |
40 percent |
As of December 31, 2006, AMD Fab 36 KG was in compliance with this covenant.
If group consolidated cash is less than $1 billion or our credit rating is below B3 by Moodys and B- by Standard & Poors, AMD Fab 36 KG will also be required to maintain minimum cash balances equal to the lesser of 100 million euros and 50 percent of the total outstanding amount under the Fab 36 Term Loan. AMD Fab 36 KG may elect to maintain the minimum cash balances in an equivalent amount of U.S. dollars if group consolidated cash is at least $500 million. If on any scheduled repayment date, our credit rating is Caa2 or lower by Moodys or CCC or lower by Standard & Poors, AMD Fab 36 must increase the minimum cash balances by five percent of the total outstanding amount, and at each subsequent request of Dresdner Bank, by a further five percent of the total outstanding amount until such time as either the credit rating increases to at least Ba3 by Moodys and BB- by Standard & Poors or the minimum cash balances are equal to the total outstanding amounts.
AMD Fab 36 KG pledged substantially all of its current and future assets as security under the Fab 36 Loan Agreements, we pledged our equity interest in AMD Fab 36 Holding and AMD Fab 36 LLC, AMD Fab 36 Holding pledged its equity interest in AMD Fab 36 Admin and its partnership interest in AMD Fab 36 KG and AMD Fab 36 Admin and AMD Fab 36 LLC pledged all of their partnership interests in AMD Fab 36 KG. We guaranteed the obligations of AMD Fab 36 KG to the lenders under the Fab 36 Loan Agreements. We also guaranteed repayment of grants and allowances by AMD Fab 36 KG, should such repayment be required pursuant to the